#30thmarch #onthisday #history March 30th offers a diverse blend of historical events, cultural celebrations, and scientific advancements across the globe. Let's explore some noteworthy occurrences on this date:
Echoes from the Past:
• 598 AD: Avar Siege of Tomis Lifted: The Avar siege of the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis is lifted after the Avaro-Slavic army suffers heavy losses from a plague. Their leader, Bayan I, retreats north of the Danube River.
• 1282 AD: The Sicilian Vespers: A popular uprising known as the "Sicilian Vespers" erupts against the rule of the Angevin king Charles I of Sicily.
• 1601 AD: Guru Gobind Singh Establishes the Khalsa: Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, establishes the Khalsa, a militaristic community dedicated to protecting the Sikh faith.
• 1815 AD: Joachim Murat Issues the Rimini Proclamation: Exiled French king Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Proclamation, one of the earliest calls for Italian unification.
• 1818 AD: Fresnel and Optical Rotation: French physicist Augustin Fresnel presents a memoir to the French Academy of Sciences, detailing his research on optical rotation, a phenomenon where polarized light changes its properties when passing through certain materials.
• 1822 AD: Florida Territory Created: The United States Congress established the Florida Territory from previously acquired Spanish lands.
• 1841 AD: Founding of the National Bank of Greece: The National Bank of Greece, a crucial institution for the country's financial infrastructure, is founded in Athens.
• 1842 AD: First Use of Ether Anesthesia: American surgeon Crawford Long performs the first recorded surgery using ether as an anesthetic.
• 1853 AD: Albert Einstein's Revised Field Theory: A young Albert Einstein (though not famous) proposes a revised unified field theory, attempting to unify the forces of nature (decades before Einstein's groundbreaking theories).
• 1855 AD: "Border Ruffians" Invade Kansas: Pro-slavery activists from Missouri, known as "Border Ruffians," cross into Kansas and attempt to influence the territory's upcoming elections, sparking tensions in the lead-up to the American Civil War.
• 1856 AD: Treaty of Paris Ends Crimean War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, officially ending the Crimean War between Russia and an alliance of Britain, France, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia.
• 1863 AD: Wilhelm Georg Becomes King of Greece: Danish prince Wilhelm Georg is chosen to become King George I of Greece.
• 1867 AD: Alaska Purchase: The United States purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million, a deal nicknamed "Seward's Folly" at the time.
Celebrations Around the World:
• Land Day (Palestine): Palestinians commemorate Land Day, a day of protest and remembrance for the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories.
Other Notable Events:
• 1685 AD: Birth of Johann Sebastian Bach: The legendary German composer Johann Sebastian Bach is born.
• 1912 AD: Sinking of the RMS Titanic: The RMS Titanic, considered "unsinkable" at the time, strikes an iceberg and sinks in the North Atlantic Ocean, resulting in a tragic loss of life.
• 1945 AD: Soviet Union Invades Austria: The Soviet Union launches an invasion of Austria during World War II.
• 1968 AD: Céline Dion Born: Canadian singer Céline Dion, known for her powerful vocals and iconic hits, is born.
• 2002 AD: Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Passes Away: Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother of the United Kingdom, dies at 101.
• 2003 AD: Smoking Ban in New York City Restaurants: A new law takes effect in New York City, prohibiting smoking in all restaurants and bars.
